Masonic Lodge of Santa Cruz de Tenerife in Canary Islands, Spain
One year is marked with "A L".
hey claim to be the guardians of ancient mysteries and are knowledgeable about astronomy, geography and the mysteries of the universe.
Some people believe that the Masons originated from the masons' union who participated in the construction of the Tower of Babel in ancient Babylon.
Others say that the Masons originated from a group of masons who built the First Temple in Jerusalem.
he Ancient Order of Masons was a guild of masons whose construction skills were not disclosed to the public.
The earliest written record is about 1390.
There is evidence that the earliest Masonic guild appeared in Scotland at the end of the 16th century, when the Masons' Guild was still a Masons' Guild.
The earliest record of the formal appearance of modern Freemasonry is in 1717. Meanwhile in England, lodges loyal to the London General Conference had developed strong ties to Hanoverian and Whig political principles, abandoning the radical republicanism of the mid-17th century English Republic in favor of a This kind of royal power is strictly bound by the constitution. In addition, it is also committed to charity. However, the Freemasonry in England split into two factions in 1753, the conservative and royalist "Modernists" and the "Classicists" who were committed to overthrowing the royal families of various countries.
After the American Revolutionary War in 1776, the modernists and classicalists in the 13 federal states also became independent from the General Assembly in London. The reason for the split was that some lodges were dissatisfied with the Modern Party's support of the British royal family, so they established the Classical Party, believing that the republican system was the orthodox idea of Freemasonry, while the Modern Party's royalist ideas were deviant and heretical, and the two sides had been in constant opposition.
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Classical Freemasons strongly support the American independence movement, and most of the founding fathers of the United States are from this faction. It was not until 1813 that the two factions announced a reconciliation and re-established the United Grand Lodge of England. The Masonic Lodge in North America had been independent from the Grand Lodge of England for a long time, so it retained the distinction between the two factions. However, later The two parties also reconciled, but also retained the synagogues they had established separately. The negative impact of the split between the American and American factions on Britain was that it lost its more fertile colonies in North America. After the mid-19th century, the American Society of England once again lost its original keenness and pioneering nature in social reform, becoming conservative and no longer opposed to the constitutional monarchy.
The second great schism occurred in France in the mid-19th century. According to Anderson's Charter of 1723: "A Freemason, after being admitted, must submit to the moral code. If he understands this art, he will never be a foolish atheist, nor an unbelieving dandy.". However, at the Lausanne Congress in 1875, the Grand Oriental Society of France decided to begin accepting atheists into its membership, abolishing the Masonic Society's traditional concept of "the great architect of the universe." The Grand Orient of France is keen on political activities and has a poor relationship with the Catholic Church, criticizing the Catholic Church for obstructing the legalization of same-sex marriage in France.
According to the charter of the United General Lodge of England (UGLE), members are strictly prohibited from discussing any religious or political topics in the lodge. However, the reforms of the French Grand Orient Society violated these traditions, so the General Conference withdrew its previous recognition of the status of the Grand Eastern Society branch in 1877. , other English department clubs responded to the general meeting’s decision and declared a formal break with the Great Eastern Society. In the following decades, due to reforms that members were dissatisfied with, the Grand Orient Society splintered into multiple general associations, such as the Grande Loge de France and the Grande Loge Nationale Française. ), and the Human Rights Society (Le Droit Humain), the earliest institution of the American Society to accept female members, but only the French National General Institute is recognized by the United Federation of England.
European and Asian esthetic societies were severely damaged during World War II. In Europe, countries under the fascist regime banned the Beaux-Arts Society, and all clubs were forced to close. The French Society of Beaux-Arts also suffered setbacks during the war. Nazi Germany even carried out organized massacres of Masonic members in the territory and imprisoned them together with the Jews in concentration camps. The Nazis accused the Masons of conspiring with the Jews to rule Europe. They fabricated some documents such as the anti-Semitic "Minutes of the Elders of Zion" Waiting is also widely spread at this time. In addition to being destroyed by the fascists, the American students' associations in Eastern Europe were hit by socialist countries. It was not until the 1990s that the American students' associations in the former Soviet Union were restored. At present, the Great Eastern system of American students is mainly popular in Southern and Eastern Europe.
In Asia, the budding American Society was severely damaged by militarism. Except for the Philippine Meisheng Association, which was less affected during the war, other areas were banned by the Japanese army. Among them, all Meisheng Associations in Japan were closed, while those in China grew slowly with the support of the National Government of the Republic of China, but many All the general offices were closed during the war.
After the defeat and surrender of the Japanese army, the Chinese Beauty Health Association reopened with the support of the Philippine General Association. However, it gradually declined again due to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. It was not until recent years that the Taiwan Beauty Health Association was established. It resumed operation with the support of the Association; the No. 1 Yong Ren Association in Hong Kong was completely bombed by the Japanese army. The Taiwan Academy of Beauty was also suspended during the early Japanese colonial period, and was restored with the assistance of the Philippines General Association after the war; previously, the Hong Kong Academy of Beauty and the The Singapore Beauty Society was introduced from the UK.
Most of the Islamic countries established after World War II also openly oppose the Masonic Association. In addition to safeguarding the theocracy, there are also organizations that believe that the Masonic Society is Jewish like the Nazis, especially since the restoration of Israel. Because of the close relationship between the Masonic Order and the Knights Templar in the Middle Ages, it also caused Muslims to resent it.
The Detroit Beaux Arts Club is the largest Beaux Arts Club in the world. The lodge used the gavel used by George Washington when he laid the cornerstone of the U.S. Capitol during its groundbreaking ceremony. Listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
After the establishment of the General Assembly of England, the spiritual philosophy of Freemasonry quickly spread to the European continent and the Americas. Its members established their own Freemasonry associations in various countries, attracting countless elites in the world, such as Truman and 14 other U.S. presidents. , such as founding heroes such as George Washington, Garibaldi, Dr. Rizal, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Simon Bolivar, and other enlightenment figures such as Voltaire and Montesquieu. Philosophers, novelists such as Victor Hugo and Conan Doyle, musicians such as Mozart and Haydn, and scientists such as Rudolf Steiner and Alexander Fleming, led people out of the war. Outstanding talents such as Churchill and Roosevelt are gathered in this big family. There are currently more than 4 million members around the world.
The membership hierarchy of Freemasonry still has a strong medieval flavor. In addition to inheriting the construction techniques of masons, it was also influenced by the chivalry and the Enlightenment Movement at that time, turning it into its own unique rituals, symbols, and identification methods. and unique education system. The Masonic organization has members in academia, art, politics and business circles in many countries and regions. The headquarters of the Masonic Association of the Republic of China is in Section 2, Chang'an East Road, Taipei. The official name is the American Association of the Republic of China, and it is the world's leading organization. The Masonic Association is officially recognized by the Masonic organizations in various countries. Those who want to join need to contact the local Masonic association and obtain two Masonic members as introducers before submitting the application. Historically, most esthetician associations strictly refused to accept women as members. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that organizations established under the name of the esthetician association began to accept women.
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Since early Freemasonry split many times in history, modern Freemasonry organizations, although widely distributed, have no unified central organization at all. However, existing Freemasonry organizations can still be roughly divided into two categories :
Regular Freemasonry is mainly a lodge in the Anglo-American legal system. Each member must recognize a supreme existence and completely refuses to admit women into the union (that is, mixed members of men and women are not accepted. However, there are lodges that only accept women, such as: Women's Freemasonry). The Order of Women Freemasons and HFAF – Freemasonry for Women, and discussion of other religions and politics is prohibited.
Freemasonry is also known as the Masons' Union, the Masons' Union, the Masons' Union, and the Order of Order. The literal meaning in English is the Free Masons' Union. The Chinese word "Freemasonry" takes its organizational nature. Its members are called "Mason" (English: Mason, originally meaning stonemason). "Mason" is only one of the principles of the association and cannot fully encompass its spirit, so the translation was decided to use transliteration. Members call each other brothers.
The English name of the Chinese organization Hongmen is Chinese Freemasonry. Although it has the same word in English and uses the image of Freemasonry, it has nothing to do with Freemasonry.
